Study session N° 1

Ellipsis and Substitution

Ellipsis is the omission of a word or words from a sentence.
When ellipsis is not posible, we replace words in order to avoid repeating that word/s.

Pronouns and possessives

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. There are two types of pronouns: subject and object pronouns. The subject pronouns are I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they. The object pronouns are me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them.
In direct and indirect questions we use the pronouns who, whose, what and which.
Pronouns for talking about people in general are you, we and they.

Possessive determiners are my, your, his, her, its, one's, our, their, and they are used before nouns. And possessive pronouns are used instead of nouns (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs).

To make a possessive from a noun, we add 's

Linking words

Linking words show relationship between words, clauses and other pices of text. They can be conjunctions, prepositions and adverbials. 
Conjunctions join two statements, and express relationships like time, addition, condition or purpose. Some examples are: although, and, but, because, for, since, so, until, while and yet. Conjunctions can come either before or between the two parts they connect. Even though, there are some conjunctions that can only be used between those two parts (and, but, yet, for, or, nor, so).

Linking prepositions include: according to, as well as, because of, by,despite, during, in spite of, instead of, thanks to. They can also express reason, time, purpose, etc. Since, before and after can be both conjunctions and prepositions. 

Linking adverbs can be used to join sentences and paragraphs. They are usually separated from the sentence with commas. These can include: also, finally, however, in addition, instead, nevertheless, though, therefore.